Effect of drip fertigation levels on soil water dynamics, water use efficiency, yield and quality parameters of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.var. italica) in wet temperate zone of Himachal Pradesh
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53550/Keywords:
B:C ratio, Drip irrigation, Fertigation, Fertilizer use efficiency, Fertilizer expense efficiency, Marketable yield, RLWC, TSS, Water use efficiencyAbstract
The present study was conducted at experimental farm of CSK HPKV, Palampur, during the year 2012-2013 with the objectives to evaluate the effects of drip irrigation levels and different methods of fertilizer application on soil water retention and transmission, plant water and water use efficiency, quality parameters, growth, productivity and nutrient uptake by broccoli. The treatments comprised of (a) three drip irrigation levels viz., I -Drip at 40% CPE, I -Drip at 60% CPE and I -Drip at 0.4 0.6 0.8 80% CPE (b) three fertilizer application levels viz., F -100% recommended dose of 100 fertilizer through fertigation, F -25 % recommended dose of fertilizer through C25+F75 conventional method as a basal dose and 75% through fertigation and F -100% of CF recommended dose of fertilizer through conventional method and fertilizers, (c) control-Flood irrigation of 4 cm at 8-10 days interval + 100% recommended dose of fertilizer and (d) absolute control- No fertilizer and flood irrigation of 4 cm at 8-10 days interval. The broccoli cv. Palam Samridhi was transplanted on October 31, 2012. The results indicated that I and I treatment had higher soil water content, soil 0.8 Rec water stock, profile water recharge in comparison to I and I . The I treatment due 0.4 0.6 0.8 to favorable soil moisture regimes led to better root and shoot growth, higher relative leaf water content, marketable curd yield, TSS, ascorbic acid, chlorophyll content, NPK uptake, fertilizer use efficiency with respect to N, P and K and water use efficiency in comparison to I , I and I . Likewise, F and F treatment had 0.4 0.6 Rec 100 C25+F75 higher root and shoot growth, relative leaf water content, marketable curd yield, TSS, ascorbic acid, chlorophyll content, NPK uptake and water use efficiency in comparison to F . The marketable curd yield obtained under I F was at par with CF 0.4 100 I F treatment, which resulted in saving of 20% irrigation water. The study 0.6 100 concluded that drip based irrigation scheduling resulted in higher water use efficiency (44.68% to 54.88%) and saving in irrigation water (43.25% to 48.90%) in comparison to conventional method of irrigation.
References
A.O.A.C. 1990. Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official th Analytical Chemists, 15 ed., Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington VA. pp 1058-1059.
Christiansen, J.E. 1942. Hydraulics of sprinkling systems for irrigation. Trans. Amer. Soc. Civ. Eng., 107: 221-239.
El Nemr, M.K. 2012. An interactive spreadsheet for drip irrigation system uniformity parameter evaluation. Int. J. Agric. Sci., 4(4): 216-220.
Hillel, D. 1982. Introduction to Soil Physics. Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Massachusetts, Amaherst, Massachusetts, 57 & 112 p.
Kohli ,U.K., Vikram, A. and Dohroo, N.P. 2006. Broccoli. In : Exotic vegetable production and post harvest. Centre of Advance Studies. Department of Vegetable Crops, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP.
Kumar, A. 2011. Vision 2030. Directorate of Water Management, Odhisa, 41 p. Kumar, A., Kwatra, J., Sharma, H.C., Sharma, A.K. and Singh, A.K. 2012.
Feasibility study of gravity-fed drip irrigation system on hilly terrace land in mid-Himalayan regions. Ind. J. Soil Cons., 40(3): 202-206.
Narayanamoorthy, A. 2005. Efficiency of irrigation: A case of drip irrigation, National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development, Department of Economic Analysis and Research, Mumbai-400051, 128 p.
Nilesh, B. and Gulati, H.S. 2004. Effect of drip and sprinkler irrigation system on growth and yield of American cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Bioved , 16: 33-37.
Patel, D.B., Patel, R.H. and Patel, R.B. 2011. Effect of drip irrigation, mulch and nitrogen fertigation on yield and yield attributes of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus). Indian J. Agric. Sci., 79(1): 12-15.
Pomares, G.F. and Pratt, P.F. 1987. Recovery of 15 N labelled fertilizer from manure and sludge amended soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 42(5): 717-720.
Ponnuswamy, K. and Santhi, P. 1998. Effect of drip on soil moisture distribution pattern in cassava (Manihot exculenta Crantz). J. Water Mngt., 6(1&2): 1-2.
Ranganna, S. 2007. Handbook of Analysis and Quality Control for Fruit and Vegetable rd products. 3 Edition, Tata Mc. Graw. Hill Publishing Company, New Delhi.
Rathore, A.C. and Singh, J.N. 2009. Optimization of nitrogen application and irrigation for improved growth and spike production of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa Lin.). Ind. J. Soil Cons., 37(1): 45-49.
Ratta , R.K. 2009. Fundamentals of Soil Science. National Agricultural Science Centre Complex, New Delhi. 91 p.
Reddy, T.Y. and Reddi, G.H. 2008. Principles of Agronomy. Kalyani Publishing House, New Delhi, India. 286p.
Sathya, S., Pitchai, J.G., Indirani, R. and Kannathasan, M. 2008. Effect of fertigation on availability of nutrients (N, P & K) in soil-A Review. Agric. Reviews, 29(3): 214-219.
Shirgure, P.S., Srivastava, A.K., Shyam Singh and Pimpale, A.R. 2004. Drip irrigation scheduling growth, yield and quality of acid lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle). Ind. J. Agric. Sci., 74: 92-94.
Soman, P. 2012. Mechanising-farm operations. http://www.ficcifood360.in/pdfs/da2012//2.Dr%20P%20 Soman%20jain%20irrigation.pdf.17p.
Tanaskovik, V., Cukaliev, O., Romic, D. and Ondrasek, G. 2011. The Influence of Drip Fertigation on Water Use Efficiency in Tomato Crop Production. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus,76(1): 57-63.
Ueta, T., Ikeba, T., Ahn-DongHyuk, Kato, K., Kawano, T. and Matsumoto, E. 2009. Effects of drip fertigation on yield and quality of leaf vegetables and on efficiency of nitrogen fertilization in outdoor plant. Japanese
Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Culture, 80: 477-486.
Veeranna, H.K., Kgalak Abdul, A.A. and Sujith, G.M. 2001. Effect of fertigation with normal and water soluble fertilizers compared to drip and furrow methods on yield, fertilizer and irrigation water use efficiency in chilli. Micro Irrigation, pp. 461-466.
Verma, S.D. 1979. Characterization and genesis of soils of Himachal Pradesh Ph.D. Thesis submitted to Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidalaya, Palampur.Vivar, O.I., Lin, C., Firestone, G.L. and Bjeldanes, L.F. 2009. 3,3́-
Diindolylmethane induces a G arrest in human prostrate cancer cells 1 irrespective of androgen receptor and p53 status. Biochem Pharmacol, 78: 469-476.
Woltering, L., Ibrahim, A., Pasternak, D. and Ndjeunga, J. 2011. The economics of low pressure drip irrigation and hand watering for vegetable production in the Sahel. Agric. Water Manage., 99(1): 67-73.
